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Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (28 August 1691 – 21 December 1750) was Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary; and Archduchess of Austria by her marriage to Emperor Charles VI.〔http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0811424.html〕 She was renowned for her delicate beauty and also for being the mother of Empress Maria Theresa. She is also the maternal grandmother of Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France, though she died five years before her granddaughter's birth in 1755. She was also the longest serving Holy Roman Empress.〔Her tenure, from 12 October 1711 to 20 October 1740, is about seven months longer than either tenures of two other long-serving empresses, Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy, and Eleonor Magdalene of the Palatinate-Neuburg.〕 ==Life== Elisabeth Christine was the eldest daughter of Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and his wife Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen. At age 13 Elisabeth Christine became engaged to the future Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, through negotiations between her ambitious grandfather, Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Charles' sister-in-law, Empress Wilhelmina Amalia, whose father was John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and thus belonged to another branch of the Guelph dynasty. However, the Lutheran Protestant bride opposed the marriage at first, since it involved her switching to Roman Catholicism, but finally she gave in. She was tutored in Catholicism by her mother-in-law, who introduced her to the Marian cult and made a pilgrimage with her to Mariazell in 1706. On 1 May 1707, she was converted in Bamberg, Germany. She was forced to swear the Tridentine Creed rather than a modified version she had hoped. Prior to the wedding, she was forced to undergo a medical examination to prove her fertility by a doctor and the Jesuit confessor of Charles. ===Spain=== At the time of the wedding, Charles was fighting for his rights to the Spanish throne against the French-born King Philip V of Spain, so he was living in Barcelona. Elisabeth Christine arrived in Spain in July 1708 and married Charles on 1 August 1708 in the church of Santa Maria del Mar in Barcelona. As Philip V had already fathered a son, Elisabeth Christine was immediately pressured to produce a son. During her time in Spain, she upheld a long-term correspondence with her mother, which was reportedly a consolation over the continuous pressure to produce a son. When her husband left for Vienna to take possession of the imperial crown in 1711, he left Elisabeth Christine behind in Barcelona appointing her as General Governor of Catalonia during his absence. She wisely ruled Catalonia alone until 1713, when she had to leave Barcelona and join her husband in Vienna. Her official role as regent was to sustain the moral of the Catalan subjects of Charles, but Martino claimed that she actually governed more effectively than Charles had during his Spanish reign. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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